This textbook is designed based on the cognitive and developmental patterns of students and incorporates the modern vocational education concept, which emphasizes a student-centered, competency-based, and industry-oriented approach. It fully reflects the direction of vocational education reform in the new era. The textbook is structured into 10 projects, covering the basic principles and methods of soilless culture and their practical applications in home gardening. It encompasses the learning process, starting with foundational theoretical knowledge and progressing to familiarity with the theory, skill training, mastering operational procedures, and acquiring practical skills. It strongly emphasizes integrating theory with practical application, and the content is organized in a practical, targeted, and operationally robust manner. The main features are as follows:
On the one hand, it firmly adheres to the correct political orientation and actively cultivates and promotes core socialist values. It considers moral education as a fundamental task and emphasizes the seamless integration of ideological and political education with professional knowledge. By implementing comprehensive education for college students in the new era and under the new circumstances, it aims to cultivate a new generation of agricultural professionals who are capable of shouldering the responsibility of national rejuvenation.
On the other hand, the content is determined based on the professional competency requirements of soilless culture. It adheres to the principle of providing a balanced and adequate amount of theory while highlighting vocational skills and strengthening practical components. The textbook incorporates new knowledge, technologies, processes, and skills in the field of soilless cultivation. It follows a task-based curriculum structure, including project introduction, learning objectives,
pre-class preparation, task implementation, project summary, skill training, and extension tasks. Through comprehensive and integrated actions, students learn how to learn, think critically, and master skills, embodying the concept of developing high-quality technical and skilled talents in higher vocational education.
The publication of this textbook has been supported by the Second Batch of National Vocational Education Teaching Innovation Team Research Projects(Project No.: ZH2021100201), the Jiangsu Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project(Project No.: 2023JSJG539), and the Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Colleges and Universities.
Due to the limitations of the editors expertise and time constraints, there may be inadequacies or omissions in the textbook. We wholeheartedly welcome readers feedback, criticisms, and corrections.
颜志明，男，博士，教授，毕业于南京农业大学，江苏农林职业技术学院党委委员、副院长。现为江苏省现代农业（草莓）产业技术体系副首席及岗位专家、江苏省园艺学会常务理事、现为国家级职业教育教师教学创新团队负责人、XXX新时代职业学校名师、全国农业职教名师。主编国家十三五十四五规划教材、省高等学校重点教材等4部，在HORTSCIENCE等期刊发表论文20余篇，授权发明专利12项。获国家级教学成果一等奖、全国农牧渔业丰收奖二等奖、江苏省农业技术推广一等奖等奖项。
张更，女，博士，毕业于日本千叶大学，江苏农林职业技术学院农学园艺学院教师。现为国家级职业教育教师教学创新团队成员、江苏省高校青蓝工程优秀教学团队成员。主编农业农村部十四五规划教材《园艺英语》，在Scientia Horticulturae等国际期刊发表论文多篇。
Module 1 Introduction to Soilless Culture …………………………………… 1
Task 1 Soilless Culture and Its Classification ………………………………… 2
Task 2 Characteristics of Soilless Culture …………………………………… 9
Skill Training 1-1 Investigation on Types of Soilless Culture ……………… 11
Module 2 Basis of Plant Physiology of Soilless Culture ………………… 13
Task 1 Structure and Function of the Plant Root System ………………… 14
Task 2 Nutrient Elements Needed by Plants ……………………………… 18
Task 3 Nutritional Diagnosis of Plants …………………………………… 20
Skill Training 2-1 Observation of Nutrient Deficiency Symptoms of
Soilless Culture Plants …………………………………… 28
Module 3 Nutrient Solution Formulation and Management Techniques … 33
Task 1 Composition of Nutrient Solution ………………………………… 34
Task 2 Formulation of Nutrient Solution…………………………………… 43
Skill Training 3-1 Formulation of Nutrient Solution ……………………… 49
Module 4 Solid Substrate for Soilless Culture …………………………… 57
Task 1 Effect and Physicochemical Property of Solid Substrate…………… 58
Task 2 Classification and Characteristics of Solid Substrates ……………… 68
Task 3 Examples of Solid Substrate Selection …………………………… 69
Task 4 Disinfection and Replacement of Solid Substrates ………………… 82
Skill Training 4-1 Determination of Physicochemical Property of Solid
Substrate………………………………………………… 85
Skill Training 4-2 Substrate Mixing and Disinfection……………………… 87
Module 5 Soilless Seedling Culture Technique ………………………… 90
Task 1 Sowing and Seedling Raising in Soilless Seedling Culture………… 91
Task 2 Management of Soilless Seedling Culture ………………………… 110
Skill Training 5-1 Soilless Seedling Culture of Vegetables ……………… 126
Module 6 Construction and Management of Soilless Culture
Production Facilities ……………………………………………… 129
Task 1 Construction and Management of Deep Flow Hydroponic
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 130
Task 2 Construction and Management of Nutrient Film Hydroponic
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 146
Task 3 Construction and Management of Spray Culture Facilities………… 161
Task 4 Construction and Management of Solid Substrate Culture
Facilities …………………………………………………………… 172
Skill Training 6-1 Construction of Deep Flow Hydroponic Facilities …… 213
Skill Training 6-2 Construction of Nutrient Film Hydroponic
Facilities………………………………………………… 215
Skill Training 6-3 Construction of Trough Facilities ……………………… 218
Skill Training 6-4 Construction of Rock Wool Culture Facilities ………… 221
Module 7 Soilless Culture Protection Facilities and Environmental
Control …………………………………………………………… 225
Task 1 Selection of Protection Facilities …………………………………… 226
Task 2 Temperature Regulation and Control Technique…………………… 243
Task 3 Light Regulation and Control Technique…………………………… 251
Task 4 Humidity Regulation and Control Technique ……………………… 257
Task 5 CO2 Regulation and Control Technique …………………………… 261
Task 6 Integrated Intelligent Regulation and Control Technique
of Facility Environment …………………………………………… 267
Skill Training 7-1 Fertilization with CO2 Fertilizer………………………… 275
Module 8 Examples of Soilless Culture Production……………………… 281
Task 1 Fruit Vegetables …………………………………………………… 282
Task 2 Soilless Culture of Leaf Vegetables………………………………… 295
Task 3 Sprout Vegetables ………………………………………………… 312
Task 4 Soilless Culture of Fruit Trees ……………………………………… 318
Task 5 Soilless Culture of Flowers ………………………………………… 337
Skill Training 8-1 Nutrient Film Culture Technique of Mizuna …………… 379
Skill Training 8-2 Soilless Culture of Strawberries………………………… 381
Skill Training 8-3 Root Restriction Soilless Culture of Grapes …………… 382
Module 9 Plant Factory……………………………………………………… 385
Task 1 Basic Concepts and Meanings of the Plant Factory………………… 386
Task 2 Processes and System Composition of the Plant Factory ………… 389
Task 3 Environmental Regulation in the Plant Factory …………………… 398
Task 4 Typical Cases of the Plant Factory ………………………………… 407
Module 10 Application of Soilless Culture Techniques for
Home Gardening ……………………………………………… 414
Task 1 Introduction to Soilless Culture for Home Gardening……………… 415
Task 2 Main Forms of Soilless Culture for Home Gardening……………… 419
Task 3 Daily Management of Soilless Culture in Home Gardening ……… 427
Skill Training 10-1 Crystal Mud Culture of Flowers ……………………… 439
Appendixes …………………………………………………………………… 444
References …………………………………………………………………… 452
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