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新东方 托福考试专项进阶 高级写作 
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9 7 0 8 0 7 4 2 7 3 2 1 4  托福考试专项进阶系列丛书引进自韩国多乐园出版社，从托福考试所考查的听、说、读、写四项技能入手，为考生提供了详尽的考试指导，并将各技能分为初、中、高三级，通过独特的进阶训练方式，再辅以大量练习，让考生逐步掌握托福实考的技巧，切实提高英语实际运用能力，从而在短期内轻松取得托福高分。本丛书内容编排由易到难，循序渐进，实战性强，是不可多得的托福备考资料。 《托福考试专项进阶高级写作》属于托福考试专项进阶系列图书中的写作专项。书中详细介绍了托福写作两大题型：综合写作和学术讨论写作，包括20个单元的内容，每单元都结合丰富练习，分步骤点拨实用写作技巧。书中还提供两套托福写作模考题。 本书配有答案册，以书中书形式呈现，内容包括：所有练习及模考题的答案、写作范文及翻译、阅读文章翻译、听力材料原文及翻译。 本书配套音频由专业外教录制，地道美式发音。扫描封底的音频二维码或登录封底提供的链接即可免费获取音频文件。 本书内容难度相对较高，适合有一定备考基础的托福考试学习者。该系列图书中另有初级写作和中级写作供不同学习水平的读者选择。 Introduction .
AThe Format of the TOEFL iBT
B What Is New about the TOEFLiBT?
The Writing section of the TOEFL iBT measures test takersability to use writing to communicate in an academic environment. This section has two writing tasks. For the first writing task, you will read a passage and listen to a lecture and then answer a question based on what you have read and heard. For the second writing task, you will state and support an opinion in an online classroom discussion. A Types of Writing Tasks
You will read a short text of about 250-300 words on an academic topic for 3 minutes. You may take notes on the reading passage. After reading the text, you will listen to a lecture discussing the same topic from a different perspective for about 2 minutes. You may take notes on the lecture. You will have 20 minutes to write a 150-to-225-word summary in response to the question.
You will see a discussion board on a university website that comprises two students responding to a question posted by a professor. You will have 10 minutes to read everything and to write a response to the topic in the online post. It should be at least 100 words. B Types of Writing Questions
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they challenge specific claims/arguments made in the reading passage.
Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific points made in the reading passage. Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to specifically explain how they answer the problems raised in the reading passage.
Yes or no questions: These questions require you to agree or disagree with a statement. Preference questions: These questions ask you to state a preference between two similar things. Open-Ended questions: These questions ask for your own thoughts or opinions on a broad topic. C Important Features of Evaluation
In the first task, the quality of the response is about how well you integrate and relate information from the reading and listening materials. In the second task, it is about the relevance and depth of your argument.
Language use is about the accuracy and range of your grammar and vocabulary. In order to get good grades on the writing tasks, you should be able to use both basic and more complex language structures and choose the appropriate words. 帕特莱克 (Michael A. Putlack)：毕业于美国塔夫茨大学，托福教育专家，对托福考试有着深入了解。 波里尔 (Stephen Poirier)：毕业于加拿大韦仕敦大学，历史学硕士，对托福考试的命题与备考有着深入了解。 Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................ 4 How to Use This Book .............................................................................. 7 PART I Integrated Writing Task ................................................................. 9 UNIT 01 Anthropology ............................................................................. 14 UNIT 02 Biology I ................................................................................... 21 UNIT 03 Environmental Science I ........................................................... 28 UNIT 04 Health ....................................................................................... 35 UNIT 05 History ...................................................................................... 42 UNIT 06 Archaeology ........................................................................... 49 UNIT 07 Astronomy .............................................................................. 56 UNIT 08 Business .................................................................................. 63 UNIT 09 Biology II ................................................................................. 70 UNIT 10 Environmental Science II ......................................................... 77 PART II Writing for an Academic Discussion Task ............................ 85 UNIT 11 Environmental Science I ........................................................ 90 UNIT 12 Sociology I .............................................................................. 96 UNIT 13 Sociology II .......................................................................... 102 UNIT 14 Environmental Science II ................................................... 108 UNIT 15 Child Studies ...................................................................... 114 UNIT 16 Economics I ........................................................................ 120 UNIT 17 Sociology III ........................................................................ 126 UNIT 18 Urban Development ............................................................ 132 UNIT 19 Economics II ....................................................................... 138 UNIT 20 Environmental Science III ................................................... 144 Actual Test ....................................................................................... 151
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